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See Figures 3 and 4. Once you're comfortable with the AR1 keyway, move on to the "Ilco SX" keyway locks and repeat the exercise. There are locks with two, five, and six pins in each keyway, but the keying codes aren't labeled on them. While there are literally thousands of different keyways in commercial use in the United States and thousands more abroad, these four give a fairly representative sample of the different kinds of wardings (and pin manipulation problems) you are likely to encounter in common (non-high-security) locks. Unfortunately, these designs are less than ideal, and many of the "standard" picks are too large to fit and move comfortably in common lock keyways. Falle-Safe Security makes a set of vertically-oriented two-prong torque tools designed to fit snugly in a range of different pin tumbler keyways. Sawtooth rakes, such as the Peterson "Ripple" and the Falle-Safe rakes, have 5 or more very acute peaks along the length of the pick's edge. To determine which pin stacks have these pins, gently push up each "set" pin. Once you do this, one of the pins will be in the unset/binding state while the other (the one you set) will be in the set/not-binding state .

Both the pick and the torque tool also amplify and transmit feedback about the state of the lock back to their user. Learn what a pin in that state feels like. The pin stacks with regular pins will feel just as you'd expect, with a hard stop when the bottom pin hits the shear line. Eventually, you'll reach a point where the plug will turn ever so slightly and the pin will not go up any farther. When the plug turned slightly, it trapped the top pin above the shear line, preventing it from re-entering the plug. While this might have gotten the lock open, you just as easily might have pushed the cut past the shear line entirely, preventing the lock from opening altogether. Each disk has a notch cut in its edge. Your index and middle fingers should be touching the edge of the pick close to where it enters the keyway. Note that while many locks pick predominantly back to front or front to back, there are exceptions, and you may find that the binding pin stack "jumps around" from the back to the front to the middle and so on.

Note how the wards extend across the front of the pins; this is called a "paracentric" design in locksmithing parlance. However, note that because the tumblers are a single piece, sawtooth raking, snap guns, and bump keys are not effective against them. Most automotive locks use wafer tumblers. While the pin tumbler cylinder is by far the most popular door locking mechanism in the United States, it is not the only kind of keyed lock in common use. In addition to making picking more difficult, secondary locking mechanisms are sometimes also intended to make it more difficult to reproduce unauthorized copies of keys. The underlying locking mechanism is still mechanical and may be subject to mechanical bypass. If you're having trouble, you may be pushing adjacent pins up past the shear line as you pick a pin, causing them to be overset even before they start to bind. The lock will never pick open in this state; you must release torque and start over. Small digits represent short bottom pins (that must be pushed up more to reach the shear line); large digits represent longer bottom pins (that need only be pushed up a bit). You do not need to master them all, and it is certainly not necessary to accumulate a large collection of different rakes.

In fact, master keyed pin stacks are easier to pick than those that are single-keyed; there are two chances to lift a cut to the shear line. For example, Medeco locks use special wedge-shaped bottom pins that are rotated into one of several possible positions by the key cuts (which can be cut at different angles). For example, Mul-T-Lock cylinders use special "telescoping" pins that contain two independently keyed tumblers. They require special picking tools to manipulate the tumblers and apply torque. The basic principles of operation are essentially the same as those of the standard pin tumbler lock, except that the tumblers are exposed at the front of the cylinder and a round ("tubular") key is used. Worse, they often omit the designs that are of the most practical value. Picking locks with spool and mushroom pins takes practice, both to recognize them and to effectively neutralize them when they are encountered.

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